The settling of the Islam in the Southeast Asia was an extension from the coastal India

Traders and sailors from the Arab origin used to tour the ports of Southeast. This was before they converted into Islam. Trade men of the Indian origin acquired the Islamic culture from their place of origin. The culture adopted by these trade men was spread to other areas of the Southeast Asia. A way was formed due to the collapse of the Buddhist trading empire.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The settling of the Islam in the Southeast Asia was an extension from the coastal India specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This took place during the thirteenth century and allowed for more movement into the region. In the south Asia, the conversion of the Indians to Islam started in the seventh century. By the thirteenth century, the Islam had spread well though didn’t manage replacing Hinduism in India. These two religions remained at uneasy equilibrium. At the initial stages of the introduction of Muslim in India t here were conflicts between religious conflicts. The trade men used to travel for long distances during their operations. They had emerged before the Chinese or the Indian religious influences. Also the politics had not gotten any chance to have influence. This was during the start the Christian period. At this time boats and trade had a lot of influence in the south china societies. The boats appeared in most artifacts and in many boat-burial rituals. They also appeared in other Southeast Asian cultural contexts. Even currently the boat symbol appears in many archeological sites of the Peninsula. This is in association with bronze and iron artifacts. These have a representation of the remains of boats used in the south china Asia. According to the research carried out in the 1st millennium there have been trade patterns that has been taking place between the Indian shore and the Southeast Asian. The formation of the Choson dynasty was on the basis of neo-Confucianism This had a com bination of a strong political ideology. It has a practical ethics that insisted on the significance of the family. Neo-Confucianism opposed Buddhism. This is because the monks abandoned their families. Also, they maintained strict celibacy. Also, they were rejected by the intellectuals. Monks were categorized in the same category with the servants. They were not permitted to go to the capital city. This was in terms of the social stratification. During the hard situations, Buddhism became completely sidelined During this time the Buddhist utilized their adverse circumstances. They took it as an opportunity to systematize a harmonized perspective.Advertising Looking for essay on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This was used to reconcile the philosophical conflicts among neo-Confucianism. It was claimed that Buddhism had a teaching that offered chances to individuals to pursue different levels of practice. This is accord ing to their capability to the merit-making of the normal individuals. Kihwa had an intention to illustrate the superiority of the Buddhist teaching. The teachings embrace a universality that involves all kinds of people. This is in contrast to the soteriology of Confucianism. This essay on The settling of the Islam in the Southeast Asia was an extension from the coastal India was written and submitted by user Brady W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Professional Orientation

Professional Orientation to Counseling According to Vacc and Loesch there is no quick and easy way to define or explain the term ‘counseling’, rather they consider the activity of mental health counseling complex, consisting of a number of assumptions. Counselors require a myriad of ‘helping skills’ from what are referred to as intentional and unintentional helping skills. Counselors can use and draw upon helping skills and therapeutic constructs to strengthen and refine their counseling skills. In chapter 4, Helping Skills are elaborated on and described to assist the new counselor. Skills of this nature are useful in all forms of counseling; I found chapter seven, Working with Groups to be interesting and could easily understand how a counselor using ‘helping skills’ could quite effectively facilitate group sessions. Chapter 9, focused on Assessment and Appraisal – again another very interesting topic. Understanding the need for assessments is critical for the new counselor. Assessments are not meant to be used alone, but in conjunction with other counseling methods, which can assist the counselor to understand the needs of the client while being able to choose appropriate counseling techniques. Research in professional counseling was not something I expected to come across at great length, but according to Vacc and Loesch, it is extremely important for counselors. Heppner, Kivlighan, and Wampold (1998) stated that as professionals we have a responsibility to not only promote wellness with our clients, but to stay abreast of human nature and the field of counseling. Traditional research methodology is not necessarily the preferred method of research for professional counselors. It seems that the ‘single-subject’ design is more beneficial in measuring and demonstrating the effectiveness of counseling. The elements of single-subject research are based on measuring change, connecting the change to a charac... Free Essays on Professional Orientation Free Essays on Professional Orientation Professional Orientation to Counseling According to Vacc and Loesch there is no quick and easy way to define or explain the term ‘counseling’, rather they consider the activity of mental health counseling complex, consisting of a number of assumptions. Counselors require a myriad of ‘helping skills’ from what are referred to as intentional and unintentional helping skills. Counselors can use and draw upon helping skills and therapeutic constructs to strengthen and refine their counseling skills. In chapter 4, Helping Skills are elaborated on and described to assist the new counselor. Skills of this nature are useful in all forms of counseling; I found chapter seven, Working with Groups to be interesting and could easily understand how a counselor using ‘helping skills’ could quite effectively facilitate group sessions. Chapter 9, focused on Assessment and Appraisal – again another very interesting topic. Understanding the need for assessments is critical for the new counselor. Assessments are not meant to be used alone, but in conjunction with other counseling methods, which can assist the counselor to understand the needs of the client while being able to choose appropriate counseling techniques. Research in professional counseling was not something I expected to come across at great length, but according to Vacc and Loesch, it is extremely important for counselors. Heppner, Kivlighan, and Wampold (1998) stated that as professionals we have a responsibility to not only promote wellness with our clients, but to stay abreast of human nature and the field of counseling. Traditional research methodology is not necessarily the preferred method of research for professional counselors. It seems that the ‘single-subject’ design is more beneficial in measuring and demonstrating the effectiveness of counseling. The elements of single-subject research are based on measuring change, connecting the change to a charac...

Jazz Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Jazz - Article Example The video refers to the Miles Davis performance of â€Å"Around Midnight† in Berlin, Germany, which he takes us through a story by the expressions that can be perceived through Jazz music. Miles Davis one of the most famous jazz players worked on the modern jazz musical concepts that have helped to grow this genre to a next level. One of the most interesting aspects of jazz music is the level to which the genre continues to grow and redefine itself long after its heyday of popularity. Whereas the full music of the hippie movement has long since faded into the past, the music of the roaring 20s has been lost from memory, and the music that brought a nation together during the Second World War has been forgotten, jazz continues to maintain a subculture of popularity, continues to be performed by a wide range musicians, and continues to redevelop and reengineer the means by which it sounds on nearly a continual level. The very first jazz melody â€Å"Agitation† gives the l istener a very exotic feeling by using his trumpet. It combines the different aspects from the musical perspectives. The song follows quick transitions with specific background sounds. The background music keeps the flow of the music steady and continuous. The trumpet is used throughout the music owing to its main emphasis on the intensity to the certain point it shows. In much the same way that saxophone is used within other jazz pieces to represent the missing vocalist, the trumpet within this particular piece gives the depth and complexity that a vocalist might give. Miles Davis improvisation in this specific type of Jazz know as Modal Jazz music has helped specifically to stretch out the harmony of the music into certain parts which makes the it more systematic and helps the music to proceed in an organized manner. Miles Davis stretched out certain improvements in different types of Jazz music, such as bebop, hard bop, cool jazz, modal jazz and jazz fusion. This specific piece f rom Miles Davis joins in with different instruments to give the feel of the environment producing a story of its sort. Ultimately Miles Davis exhibits the ability of the genre jazz to continue to reinvent itself and provide new forms of fusion between bebop, hard bop, cool jazz, modal jazz, and jazz fusion. In such a way, the full depth of evolution of this particular genre is aptly demonstrated to the reader. This modal jazz requires knowledge of musical nodes beforehand. Miles Davis, the most well-known protagonist of Jazz Music history had been on top of creating creative method for Modal Jazz. The video specifically has piano to create the specific background rhyme to the music that follows throughout the length of the video. Throughout the video there are specific changes in the chords, which at times follow a certain transition and after a break follow another set of harmonies. What can be understood with regards to jazz is that it has the unique ability to incorporate a range of different ideas concepts and emotions within a single piece and somehow wrap them up altogether so that they work cohesively. This is of course unique as compared to many other forms of music due to the fact that the average three-minute song only has a chorus are melody that exists for the space of about 15 to 20 seconds. Although the purpose of this analysis is not cheap and aspects of popular music that

Environmental problems to health, quality of life, and longevity of Coursework

Environmental problems to health, quality of life, and longevity of people - Coursework Example The water vendors escalate the prices of water due to high demand for the commodity. Families have to forego the purchase of food in order to have money to buy water. This has been raising the living standards beyond the reach of many families. Children are under high risks because their bodies are not well adapted to the tough conditions. Many of the children die at very tender age because their bodies cannot adapt to the harsh living conditions. The water is so polluted and contains disease causing organisms. As a result, the children’s disease fighting mechanism is overwhelmed by constant attacks from disease causing bacteria. However, even the adults are at very high risks. This is because they have been exposed to these conditions for a very long time. Although their bodies have adapted to the conditions, they are likely to suffer from diseases, an aspect that affect the financial positions of their

Microeconomic theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Microeconomic theory - Essay Example The diagram above shows that different levels of goods x and y that would yield the same level of utility for the consumers. Just like the demand curve these curves can be shifted rightward or leftward depending on the changes of consumer’s tastes, willingness and other factors. The shift in the curve towards right would mean that the same combination of goods will now yield consumers more utility than what it was yielding before. Similarly, a leftward shift would mean that the same combination of good would yield less utility to consumer than before. There may be a number of reasons for this. The obvious reasons can be income effect, substitution effect or changes in consumers tasted. In the real world things are more complex than first thought. Consumers cannot buy any combination they like. In fact they are faced with budget constraints depending on their income. The real income is what consumers are actually earning and that is what is included in their purchasing analysis . Real income is derived when the income of consumers is adjusted against inflation. The budget constraints of a consumer are reflected by a budget line. This is drawn on the indifference map. The best combination for consumers is the place when budget line is tangent to the indifference map. In other words, the combination of goods where budget line is tangent to the indifference map is the place where the consumer is yielding the maximum utility. At this place marginal utility of both goods are equal and can be represented by the equation: MUx = MUy In the diagram below, it can be seen that the ideal combination or the maximizing utility combination of goods X and Y what the consumer should purchase given his real income is Qx and Qy. This would yield him maximum utility. 3) The income and substitution effect are important concepts explaining the changes in demand. Income affect occurs when the price of a good rises. Since your income is not rising in response to an increase in pr ice of that good, the consumer feels poorer than before. Since the consumer feels poorer, he buys less of that good in order to compensate for the unexpected increase in price that has not synchronized with the income of the consumer. Similarly, when the price of a good falls, the consumer feels richer than before and his ability to buy more has increase and therefore he buys more of a good. This phenomenon is known as income effect. Similarly, when the changes in prices lead you to shift from one good to the cheaper good, it is known as the substitution effect. For example, if there is restaurant that is selling burgers and pizza. If there is a increase in price of pizza, you are more likely to buy more burgers and eat pizza less often than before. If the price of pizza falls, you shift from consuming burgers, to eat pizza more often. This phenomenon is known as substitution effect. However, there are certain goods that follow the opposite income and substitution effects. These are classified as giffen goods. When the prices of designer handbags rise, there are more people in queue to buy them from the richer segments of the society. The reason behind this is that people consider these expensive goods of higher quality and shift from cheaper goods to these goods.

The Libertarian Manifesto By John Hospers Philosophy Essay

The Libertarian Manifesto By John Hospers Philosophy Essay The Libertarian Manifesto by John Hospers is something that is equated with the ethical problem surrounding the distribution of wealth, amongst other things. Hospers (1996) argues that when it comes to the distribution of income, people should fend for themselves. He opposed arguments such as an admonition to feed the hungry because in the libertarian world, hunger simply would not happen (Hospers, 1996). Hospers (1996) begins his article by noting the definition of libertarianism, which is that people have a right to make their own decisions and lead their own lives, as long as their decisions do not interfere with anyone elses life. There is a problem as it respects the distribution of wealth, but for the libertarian it is not a problem. The individual has a right to decide what he or she wants to do. Hospers (1996) ideas, and the ideas of many libertarians, are equated with the concept that every man can fend for himself, and in the end, everyone will get exactly what they want. Hospers (1996) believes that the right to private property is basic. On some level, one might equate his ideas to natural rights ethics. Clarke Linzey (1996) write: The idea of natural rights implies that there is an essential human nature which determines this status and a moral order government the relations of human beings as such, independently of the laws of all particular societiesà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦ (598). The ethical rule used by Hospers (1996) in respect to wealth distribution would be that it is permissible to follow ones desires and not to worry about others in society. This is because they have their own paths. That is, it is not an obligation for society to take care of everyone in its midst. The duty is for the individual to be accountable to himself. Yet, it is also true that there are interactions between people. Hospers (1996) provides examples of situations in respect to how one should act, and certainly, the society is accountable to the individual on some level not to influence things too much. For the libertarian, it is scant government that is the best government. Hospers (1996) writes: Government is the most dangerous institution known to man (27). The factual claims made by Hospers (1996) are associated with observational and historical facts. Nothing he says can be proven, but anecdotal evidence is used to support the authors points. A student asks whether or not Hospers position meets the fourth criteria for valid theory, which are consistency and coherence, rational justification, plausibility, and usefulness. First, it should be said that the theory is coherent, and while it is largely consistent, it is difficult to be completely consistent with the notions in libertarianism. There are exceptions. Hospers (1996) writes about freedom where people have a right to do and say as they like, but even freedom of speech has limits. He writes: Indeed, the right to property may well be considered second only to the right to life. Even the freedom of speech is limited by considerations of property (Hospers, 1996, 25). He goes on to explore other issues and provides examples of when people cannot say what they like (Hospers, 1996). While the theory is consistent, there are exceptions to everything and this muddies the waters. One can take things further by examining contemporary examples. For instance, people believe that they have the right to free speech. Hospers (1996) says that people cannot shout obscenities in a church because the property is not designated for that purpose. Enter property rights. Yet, in society today, people do have a right to their opinions. At the same time, with the political correctness movement, people are not entitled to utter certain things without their rights being challenged by the law. If someone utters a derogatory racial remark and ends up in a fight, he can be charged with a hate crime. On some level, this is thought control. As abhorrent as ones thoughts might be, the idea to outlaw certain forms of speech and not others imposes limits, thus challenging some pure libertarian notions. While this idea does not take away from the validity of the position, it certainly challenges its consistency. Is the position rational? It is a reasoned argument. In fact, the article provides much support for the premise, and the support is based on logic. Ethical criteria are included and the author does make a sound ethical arguments that are also plausible. While the points are well reasoned, the argument at the end of all of this is whether or not someone can allow poverty to exist in a world of plenty. The libertarian provides a what if argument. In other words, the libertarian claims that if things were a certain way, there would be no poverty, but the world is not completely libertarian so the point is moot. Poverty persists, so while the argument may be sound in this what if scenario, it does not address solutions for the status quo. What does one do with the poor today? Usefulness is another issue. If one is not operating in a libertarian world, the theory is only useful if the world were that way. Theoretically, Hospers (1996) provides an excellent paradigm, but it may not be possible to achieve his ideas in reality. In the United States, different ideas are supported and compromises are made. Hospers (1996) brand of libertarianism could not flourish in this sort of situation. Similarly, in totalitarian regimes, there is much too much force in play to go from such a model to one of complete freedom. Libertarianism is a sound theoretical model, but it is unknown whether or not it could ever be successfully implemented.

A Speculative View of American History to 1876 :: Essays Papers

A Speculative View of American History to 1876 Those who do not study history are doomed to repeat it. Human nature is one of curiosity; we are not content with the superficial faà §ade of our existence. Rather, we need understanding. We need to know not only know how we have come to be who we are as a people, but more importantly why we are, and where, as a society, we are destined to end. The answer to our relentless question of existence lies in our past. We must look beyond the mere factual account of events which comprises our history, and take on a more speculative approach, and analyze the philosophy of history: in our case, American history. The world has seen many different historical philosophies throughout time. Two contrasting extremes of historical philosophy were those of ancient Greece and Rome, who subscribed to the Stoic cyclical view of history, and Immanuel Kant’s idea of Progress. Karl Marx, in the eighteenth century, established his socialist ideas in a volume he co-authored, The Communist Mani festo. The historical philosophy, however, which best explains the first half of American history, from its birth in Europe, to the civil war, is that of Augustine. Augustine’s theory of history can be detected in his major work, The City of God, in which he explains his concept of the City of Man versus the City of God: â€Å"Accordingly, two cities have been formed by two loves; the earthy love of the self, even to the contempt of God; the heavenly by the love of God, even to the contempt of self. The former, in a word, glories in itself, the latter in the Lord.†1 As Ronald Nash elaborates: Augustine explains that the two cities will coexist through human history, even within the bounds of professing Christendom. Only at the last judgment, which brings human history to an end, will the two cities finally be separated, in order that they may share their appointed destinies of heaven and hell. What accounts for people’s placement in one or the other city is the object of their love. People belong to the City of God by virtue of their love of God; the rest of humanity belongs to the City of Man because of their â€Å"love of self, even to the contempt of God.†2 This monumental work3 originally began as a response to the accusation of Rome’s Christian conversion ultimately contributing to its sack by Alaric and his Goths.

Byzantium is short for the Byzantine Empire

Byzantium is short for the Byzantine Empire. It can also be used to refer to the capital city of the Roman Empire, later renamed Constantinople after Emperor Constantine who rebuilt the city into a modern capital of Christianity at the time. Byzantine was heavily influenced by Greece and the Greek culture. With that came the Greek mythical gods and icon culture representing ones religious beliefs. Constantinople also became the seat of the pope of the Catholic Church (â€Å"History of the Byzantine Empire†).Icons can be defined as representations of deities, saints or sacred scenes such as the crucifixion of Christ. In the Byzantine Empire these were very popular and were made from any medium including gemstones, wood, stone, marble, enamel, precious metal, and mosaic. Additionally, they ranged in size from small to huge and were even painted on walls as murals (Brookes). It was believed that these icons would bring success in battle and were often carried when troops were goi ng to war. They were also believed to bring healing to the sick and good fortune.By being in contact with the icons, it was said that one was able to directly communicate with the deity or saint represented by the icon (Brookes). As the culture of creating icons grew, it began to clash with the teachings of Christianity which had taken root as a major religion in the Byzantine Empire. The first commandment in the 10 commandments given to Moses clearly stated that there should be no graven images made as this would make the people prone to the worship of idols. As such, iconoclasm took root. The term iconoclasm means ‘image breaker’ which referred to the habit of breaking images for political or religious reasons.In ancient times, if a ruler was conquered by another, any image of that ruler was quickly broken by their successor or conqueror, hence the term. In Byzantium, iconoclasm referred to a theological debate that spanned about a century between the state and the ch urch (Brookes). As Christianity grew, the creation of icons was barred by the state and the cross was promoted as the only representation of the church. The main motivation for this was so the people would stop looking to the icons as the source of their healing, good fortune and success and start looking to Christ and by so doing discourage veneration of the icons.The issues surrounding the icons were that whereas one faction saw the icons as a representation of their faith and salvation, the other group saw them as mere idols. Their argument being that the only representation of Christ given to the church was the holy Eucharist, or Holy Communion (Trakakis). The iconoclast found a dilemma in the icons in that an image of Christ was supposed to capture the humanity of Christ without taking away the divinity. However, the Godhead could not very well be represented by an image of Christ.The Iconophile, saw it as not trying to capture the divinity or humanity of Christ but the person of Christ, which then tied the human and divine together. To the Iconophile, the fact that Christ had come in a human body made a depiction of him possible. Therefore whereas Iconoclasts were bent on depicting the spirit as superior to matter, the Iconophile so the created matter as a perfect means to see God in the created matter thus deifying the said matter. This became the crux of the controversy (Trakakis).Procopius’ book â€Å"Secret History† had been hidden for centuries until it was discovered in the Vatican library and printed in 1623 AD (Glenn). Procopius was a famous historian in the time that Justinian ruled Byzantium. Having written other texts on the Roman Empire in the 6th century, he wrote this secret book that gave the details of how Justinian and his wife Theodora a former courtesan plundered Rome and murdered millions of people. Justinian is said to have forced people into the Christian faith, while his actions remained decidedly contrary to its teac hings.He and Theodora made people pay for Justice, belittled their needs and robbed Roman citizens of their property and money. Justinian would side with priests who stole and murdered and even took property from citizens to give to the church thinking that he would have favor with God for doing so (Altwater) This book is significant because it reveals a different side of the history of Byzantium in the time of Justinian, unlike the official annals of history written for the empire. In the Byzantine Empire, Pagan art was seen as leading people to false gods. It was mainly based on the polytheistic Greek gods and was figural.As such, it was shunned by the growing Christian population. Due to the iconoclasm controversy, much of the art of the Byzantine Empire did not reflect one figural scene to avoid the said controversy. Because of the persecution that followed Christians who supported icons, Byzantine religious art shrunk to focus mainly on the cross and symbolic birds and plants ( â€Å"The Byzantine Empire†). The Byzantine Empire is an intriguing time with tales like no other. Ranging from the amphitheaters to the arena where offenders where crucified to death or torn to pieces by wild animals.The religious mix was no less intriguing and the rise of Christianity in the Byzantine Empire brought with it many controversies. Justinian became an enforcer of Christianity in the empire causing its spread, but at the same time going against the tenets of the faith according to the ‘Secret History’ by Procopius. Additionally, because of the first of the Ten Commandments, there arose a controversy as to whether icons were graven images, which were forbidden, or not. This in turn affected the way the people of Byzantium perceived pagan art, which was mainly based on pagan gods, goddesses and symbols.As such, Byzantine religious art was narrowed down to include the cross and other symbols that bespoke Christianity without compelling veneration. Works Cited Atwater, Richard. â€Å"Procopius of Caeasrea: The Secret History. † Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1961. 10 Mar. 2009 Brooks, Sarah. â€Å"Icons and Iconoclasm in Byzantium†. In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000. 10 Mar. 2009 Glenn, Joshua.â€Å"A Brief History of Secret Histories. † 2008. 10 Mar. 2009 â€Å"History of the Byzantine Empire. † 24 Feb. 2009. 10 Mar. 2009 â€Å"The Byzantine Empire: The Roman-Byzantine Period. † 10 Mar. 2009 Trakakis, Nick. â€Å"What was the Iconoclast Controversy About? † Theandros. 2 vols. 2004-2005. 10 Mar. 2009

India-Now And Then Essays - Indian Caste System, Caste, Free Essays

India-Now And Then Essays - Indian Caste System, Caste, Free Essays India-Now and Then My report is on India. India is a place very different from ours. Not many have deeply explored this culture and yet we desire more. I hope to clear up and explain the history, religion, and culture of India. As I have researched. The history of India is a long and proud one. Though the nation in quite poor it has been able to withstand the tests of time. Then it developed the caste system. A sytem of dividing people into groups. Well, it is still around today but we will discuss that later. The country started by poeple migrating to it. Many of the old customs developed back then like you are not truly part of a family or caste until you marry and have a child still remain today. There are two major religions practiced in India. They are Buddhism and Hinduism. Yet, you are aloud to worship any god you please and are encouraged to. And this right is garaunteed under their constitution. And people mostly group and talk among one another with their own religion. Wich is sad stoping people from bonding with others of other religions. The culture of India differs very much from ours. Especially the caste system wich was explained above. There are rules that go along with being in a caste. Some are you may not eat with a person of higher or lower caste, you may not sit with a person of higher or lower caste, you may not marry a person of higher or lower caste, and you can not have a child with someone of a higher or lower caste. Also the highest caste has to be generous to the lower castes while the lower castes have to be very generous to the higher caste. In closing I hope you now explain a little more about India and it people, customs, culture, and religion.

The Best Amendment Essay Example

The Best Amendment Essay Example The Best Amendment Essay The Best Amendment Essay Which Amendment? The freedom of speech, religion and press seems like an everyday activity, right? But imagine if you were not allowed to speak your opinion or practice your choice of religion, or even write about facts or opinions that interest you. What if you had to keep all your thoughts and opinions to yourself except for the ones that you were allowed to express or you would be in trouble. That would be like torture. That is why Amendment number one of the Constitution is the most important one and we need to keep it, because without those rights the voice of America would not be heard. If the citizens of the United States didn’t have the freedom of speech, they wouldn’t be able to vote or give their opinions to politicians. Not being able to vote and choose the nations next President would be unfair. Everyone should have a say on who’s in office and what they are going to do to help America. Most likely, if the President was a random guy that nobody voted for or had no experience with the government, America would be sent down the toilet. Without amendment number one we wouldn’t have the freedom of religion making people argue about what holidays to celebrate and if churches should be built. We need the freedom of religion because without it people would fight and disrespect each other and we would go to war. As Americans, we need the right to press because without it we wouldn’t be able to print facts or opinions that were unpopular, and we wouldn’t be able to share information with others to help them vote for change. We need the freedom of press or our minds would explode. America needs the first amendment or else everyone would go insane. Nobody would be able to speak even the basic truths like which ice cream they like the most, because they wouldn’t have the right to voice their opinion. America needs to maintain its voice and let the citizens of the United States choose Americas next step. Without amendment number one America would be silent, even worse, dead.

Environmental Studies Of The States Climate Essay

Environmental Studies Of The States Climate - Essay Example The monthly temperature ranges from 91.5Â °F to 30.0Â °F. Snow fall is a rare phenomenon and the highest record is only 13 inches on March 12-13, 1993 at Birmingham. Tornados and hurricanes are very common around Birmingham and Mobile due to turbulent wind patterns. Hurricanes of wind speeds 145mph caused the worst tornado disaster the Dixie Tornado outbreak in April 27, 2011 in which 50 tornados claimed more than 238 lives. Alaska The state Alaska is known for its high snow falls but is also hot in the summer. The highest mean annual temperature is 51.4Â °F recorded at Annette, AP and the lowest average annual temperature is 0.9Â °F recorded at Umiat. The mean annual rainfall is the highest at Whitter at 185.2 inches and the most snowfall occurs in the month of January at Valdez WSO as much as 65.1 inches with a snow depth of 31 inches. The extreme northern part of Alaska is Arctic with long and very cold winters and there is snow almost year around here. The wind speeds at the costal parts of the Gulf of Alaska are as high as 40 to 45 kmph and major natural disasters in Alaska are due to storms. Arizona The climatic conditions in this state are dry with little rainfall. The highest temperature recorded was 128Â °F at Lake Havasu City, 1994 and the lowest temperature recorded was -40Â °F at Hawley Lake, 1971. The average annual maximum temperature is 76.3Â °F recorded at Lake Havasu City and the lowest is 38.3Â °F at Sunrise Mountain. The highest average annual precipitation is at Hawley Lake 38.2 inches, and the lowest is 2.67 inches. The highest average annual snowfall is at Sunrise Mountain recorded as 243 inches. The state is more prone to storms and there are large temperature swings between the day and the night temperatures due to the dry climatic conditions relevant in the state. Arkansas Due to the location close to the Gulf of Mexico, Arkansas has a humid subtropical climate. The lowest temperature was recorded at Pond in 1905 as –29Â °F and a record high of 120Â °F was recorded on 1936 at Ozark. Average yearly precipitation is approximately 45 inches in the mountainous areas and greater in the lowlands; for example Little Rock received an annual average of 50.9 inches. Snowfall in the capital averages 5.2 inches a year and the northern part of the state gets more snowfall during the winter. The state is prone to natural disasters like thunderstorms, hails, snow storms and ice storms. A tornado with wind speeds as high as 180 to 200 mph damaged Atkins where 12 people were killed. California Most of the areas in the state of California have a Mediterranean climate, while some have a subarctic climate that is colder winters and hotter summers. The maximum average yearly temperature was recorded as 91Â °F at Death Valley. The lowest average annual temperature was recorded at Squaw Valley Lodge as 27.3Â °F. The mean rainfall was recorded the highest at 104.2 inches at Honey Dew and the lowest was recorded at 2.7 inches at Brawley. Snowfall is nil at most areas and the highest snowfall of 287.7 inches was recorded at Big Ben Ranger Station. The wind speeds range from 4.5 mph to 13.3 mph. Flood due to heavy rain, tornados, thunder storms and firestorms are common in this state.

Project Analysis St. Mary Shopping Centre Thornbury Assignment

Project Analysis St. Mary Shopping Centre Thornbury - Assignment Example This essay describes a proposal, that was made to demolish the existing Thornbury library building at St. Mary Street, Thornbury BRISTOL, South Gloucestershire, to facilitate the erection of a three storey building to form a new library. The new library was also proposed to provide retail space, office space, and associated car parking in the form of a town centre. The proposal was considered by the Development Control Committee. After due consideration of the opinions and views of all interested parties and after a full deliberation the Committee refused the proposal of the development planning. This essay examines the circumstances under which compulsory purchase of land can be ordered by the city council or other local authorities and also the policies of the government with respect to local planning and development. The researcher of this essay also aims to present an alternative development plan for the land under question. Since the proposal for redevelopment of the site is not accepted by the Thornbury Town Council, it is proposed to demolish the building and construct a shopping centre in the place for renting out office space. The details of the project are listed elsewhere in this paper. However, the researcher concludes that before examining the commercial viability of the proposed shopping complex, it would be of interest to study the details of the provisions, that are related to the compulsory acquisition of land and also about the local planning policies of the government.... Thornbury Library St. Mary Street - a Background The proposed site is located in St. Mary Street, Thornbury Town in South Gloucestershire County and the proposal was to make the shopping centre with the name and style of St. Mary /shopping Centre. The town is situated about 14.5 miles north of Bristol city centre. The site is in the ownership of South Gloucestershire Council and can be leased on a long term basis. The Town centre in Thornbury is dominated by the High Street. St. Mary Street where the site is located is full of remnants of old and historic Thornbury building blocks. Since the proposal for redevelopment of the site is not accepted by the Thornbury Town Council, it is proposed to demolish the building and construct a shopping centre in the place for renting out office space. The details of the project are listed elsewhere in this paper. However, before examining the commercial viability of the proposed shopping complex it would be of interest to study the details of the provisions relating to the compulsory acquisitio n of land and also about the local planning policies of the government. Compulsory Purchase of Land Compulsory acquisition is the process by which local and national governments obtain land and premises for development purposes which they consider is to be done in the best interests of the community. The law relating to compulsory purchase is far too complex in that it includes a provision to allow an owner of an interest in land to make a request to the local authority concerned to take possession of the land if that land is affected by a planning decision of the local authority. The basic principle behind the law is that the land suitable for development which will benefit the community may be